ʻoihana a me ka hoʻolauna ʻana i nā ʻāpana microwave

ʻO nā ʻāpana Microwave nā mea hana microwave, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi he mau mea lekiō, e like me nā kānana, nā huila, a pēlā aku;Loaʻa pū kekahi i nā ʻāpana multifunctional i haku ʻia me nā kaapuni microwave a me nā mea hana microwave discrete, e like me nā ʻāpana TR, nā ʻāpana hoʻololi i luna a i lalo, a pēlā aku;Aia pū kekahi mau subsystems, e like me nā mea hoʻokipa.

Ma ke kahua kaua, hoʻohana nui ʻia nā ʻāpana microwave i nā lako ʻike pale e like me ka radar, kamaʻilio, a me nā countermeasures uila.Eia kekahi, ke piʻi nui nei ka waiwai o nā ʻāpana microwave, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka ʻāpana lekiō, no ka ulu ulu o ka ʻoihana koa;Eia kekahi, ma ke kahua kīwila, hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i ke kamaʻilio uea ʻole, nā radar nalu millimeter automotive, a me nā māla ʻē aʻe.ʻO ia kahi subfield me ka koi ikaika no ka mana autonomous ma nā ʻenehana kumu a me nā ʻenehana kumu o Kina.He wahi nui loa no ka hoʻohui kīwila pūʻali koa, no laila e nui nā manawa hoʻolimalima i nā ʻāpana microwave.

ʻO ka mua, e hōʻike pōkole i nā manaʻo kumu a me nā ʻano hoʻomohala o nā ʻāpana microwave.Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻāpana Microwave e hoʻokō i nā loli like ʻole o nā hōʻailona microwave e like me ke alapine, ka mana, a me ka pae.ʻO nā manaʻo o nā hōʻailona microwave a me nā alapine lekiō he ʻano like ia, ʻo ia nā hōʻailona analog me nā alapine kiʻekiʻe, maʻamau mai ka ʻumi megahertz a hiki i nā haneli gigahertz a terahertz;Hoʻokumu ʻia nā ʻāpana microwave me nā kaʻa microwave a me kekahi mau mea hana microwave discrete.ʻO ke kuhikuhi o ka hoʻomohala ʻenehana he miniaturization a me ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa.ʻO nā ala ʻenehana i ka hoʻokō ʻana me HMIC a me MMIC.Hoʻolālā ʻo MMIC i nā ʻāpana microwave ma kahi chip semiconductor, me kahi pae hoʻohui o 2-3 mau kauoha o ka nui ma mua o HMIC.ʻO ka maʻamau, hiki i hoʻokahi MMIC ke hoʻokō i hoʻokahi hana.I ka wā e hiki mai ana, e hoʻokō ʻia ka hoʻohui multifunctional, a i ka hopena e hoʻokō ʻia nā hana pae ʻōnaehana āpau ma hoʻokahi chip, Ua lilo i ʻike ʻia ʻo ka radio frequency SoC;Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ʻo HMIC ma ke ʻano he hoʻohui lua o MMIC.Loaʻa ka HMIC i nā kaapuni hoʻohui kiʻi ʻoniʻoni mānoanoa, nā kaʻapuni hoʻohui kiʻi ʻoniʻoni ʻoniʻoni, a me ka SIP hoʻopili pae ʻōnaehana.ʻO nā kaʻa kaʻa hoʻohui kiʻi ʻoniʻoni mānoanoa ka mea maʻamau i nā kaʻina modul microwave, me nā mea maikaʻi o ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa, ka manawa pōkole pōkole, a me ka hoʻolālā maʻalahi.ʻO ke kaʻina hana hoʻopihapiha 3D e pili ana i ka LTCC hiki ke hoʻomaopopo hou i ka miniaturization o nā modula microwave, a ke piʻi mālie nei kāna noi ma ka kahua kaua.Ma ke kahua kaua, hiki ke hana ʻia kekahi mau ʻāpana me ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana ma ke ʻano o ka chip hoʻokahi, e like me ka mana hoʻonui hope loa i ka module TR o kahi radar array phased.ʻO ka nui o ka hoʻohanaʻana he nui loa, a he mea pono ke hana i hoʻokahi chip;No ka laʻana, ʻaʻole kūpono nā huahana liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi no ka hana monolithic, a ke hilinaʻi nui nei i nā kaapuni hoʻohui hybrid.

Ma hope aʻe, e hōʻike mākou i ka pūʻali koa a me nā mākeke kīwila o nā ʻāpana microwave.

I ka mākeke koa, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka waiwai o nā ʻāpana microwave ma ke kahua o ka radar, kamaʻilio, a me nā countermeasures uila ma mua o 60%.Ua manaʻo mākou i ka mākeke o nā ʻāpana microwave ma ke kahua o ka radar a me nā mea hoʻoponopono uila.Ma ke kahua o ka radar, ua manaʻo nui mākou i ka waiwai hoʻopuka radar o nā keʻena noiʻi radar koʻikoʻi ma Kina, me 14 a me 38 o Kina Electronics Technology, 23, 25, a me 35 o Kina Aerospace Science and Industry, 704 a me 802 o Aerospace Science a me Technology, 607 o Kina Aerospace Industry, a pela aku, Manao makou i ka makeke wahi ma 2018 e 33 ieeeea?E noʻonoʻo nui nā mea hoʻohālikelike uila i 29 mau kula o Kina Electronics Technology, 8511 institute o Aerospace Science and Industry, a me 723 mau kula o Kina Shipbuilding Heavy Industry.ʻO ka mākeke holoʻokoʻa no nā mea hana countermeasures uila ma kahi o 8 biliona, me ka waiwai o nā ʻāpana microwave a hiki i 5 biliona."ʻAʻole mākou i noʻonoʻo i ka ʻoihana kamaʻilio no ka manawa no ka mea ua ʻāpana nui ka mākeke ma kēia ʻoihana.E hoʻomau mākou i ka noiʻi hohonu a me ka hoʻohui ʻana ma hope.ʻO ka māke kūʻai no nā ʻāpana microwave i ka radar a me nā kīʻaha countermeasures uila wale nō i hiki i 25 biliona yuan.

ʻO ka mākeke kīwila ka nui o ke kamaʻilio uea a me ka radar nalu millimeter automotive.Ma ke kahua o ke kamaʻilio kelepona ʻole, aia ʻelua mau mākeke: nā terminal mobile a me nā kahua kahua.ʻO nā RRU ma kahi kahua kahua ka mea nui o nā ʻāpana microwave e like me nā modula alapine waena, nā modula transceiver, nā mana amplifiers, a me nā modula kānana.ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka hapa o nā ʻāpana microwave i ke kahua kumu.Ma nā kikowaena pūnaewele 2G, ʻo ka waiwai o nā ʻāpana lekiō e pili ana i ka 4% o ka nui o ka waiwai kumu.Ke neʻe nei ke kahua kumu i ka miniaturization, piʻi mālie nā ʻāpana lekiō i nā ʻenehana 3G a me 4G i 6% a 8%, a hiki i ka hapa o kekahi mau kahua kumu ke hiki i ka 9% a 10%.E hoʻonui hou ka waiwai o nā mea RF i ka wā 5G.I nā ʻōnaehana kamaʻilio kelepona paʻa, ʻo RF mua-hope kekahi o nā mea nui.ʻO nā mea RF ma nā pahu kelepona ka nui o nā mana amplifiers, duplexers, RF hoʻololi, kānana, nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, a pēlā aku.Ke hoʻomau nei ka waiwai o ka RF front-end mai 2G a i 4G.ʻO ke kumukūʻai maʻamau i ka wā 4G ma kahi o $10, a ua manaʻo ʻia ʻoi aku ka 5G ma mua o $50.Manaʻo ʻia ka mākeke nalu millimeter wave radar e hōʻea i $ 5 biliona ma 2020, me ka helu mua o RF no 40% a 50% o ka mākeke.

Hoʻopili ʻia nā modula microwave pūʻali koa a me nā modula microwave civili ma ke kumu, akā i ka wā e pili ana i nā noi kikoʻī, ʻokoʻa nā koi no nā modula microwave, e hopena i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā pūʻali koa a me nā mea kīwila.No ka laʻana, koi maʻamau nā huahana koa i ka mana hoʻouna kiʻekiʻe e ʻike i nā pahuhopu i kahi mamao aku, ʻo ia ka hoʻomaka o kā lākou hoʻolālā ʻana, ʻoiai nā huahana kīwila e nānā nui aku i ka pono;Eia kekahi, aia kekahi mau ʻokoʻa i ka pinepine.I mea e pale aku ai i ka hoʻopilikia ʻana, ke piʻi aʻe nei ka bandwidth hana o ka pūʻali koa, ʻoiai ma ka laulā, he narrowband no ka hoʻohana kīwila.Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā huahana kīwila i ke kumukūʻai, ʻoiai ʻaʻole pili nā huahana koa i ke kumukūʻai.

Me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻenehana i ka wā e hiki mai ana, ke hoʻonui nei ka like ʻana ma waena o ka pūʻali koa a me nā noi kīwila, a ke hoʻohuli nei nā koi no ka pinepine, ka mana, a me nā kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa.E lawe iā Qorvo, kahi hui ʻAmelika kaulana, i laʻana.ʻAʻole wale ia e lawelawe ma ke ʻano he PA no nā kahua kahua, akā hāʻawi pū kekahi i nā mana amplifiers, MMICs, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe no nā radar koa, a hoʻohana ʻia i nā ʻōnaehana radar moku, ea, a me ka ʻāina, a me ka launa pū ʻana a me nā ʻōnaehana kaua uila.I ka wā e hiki mai ana, e hōʻike pū ana ʻo Kina i kahi kūlana o ka hoʻohui ʻana a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka pūʻali koa, a aia nā manawa kūpono no ka hoʻohuli ʻana i nā koa kīwila.